This is a new Catalogue with a collection of 182 Spiritual Care Instruments by The Research Group of Spiritual Care, Research Unit for General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark.

You can sort the columns and search for specific instruments etc.

The Catalogue builds on the following article:

Damberg Nissen, Ricko, Erik Falkø, Dorte Toudal Viftrup, Elisabeth Assing Hvidt, Jens Søndergaard, Arndt Büssing, Johan Albert Wallin, and Niels Christian Hvidt. “The Catalogue of Spiritual Care Instruments: A Scoping Review.” Religions 11, no. 5 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11050252.

If you have any comments, questions or other inqueries regarding the catalogue you can contact Ricko Damberg Nissen: [email protected].

The research behind this work was fundet by an unrestricted grant by Pfizer Oncology Denmark.

HCP= Health Care Professionals

Instrument name and abbreviationAuthor Year Target areaTarget groupApproach Origin and ImplementationComment
2 Question Spiritual Holistic Assessment Model, 2Q-SamRoss & McSherry2018General HealthNurseDialogue UKContinuous spiritual assessment embedded and integrated in daily care. Focused on the communicative aspect of the nurse-patient encounter.
7 by 7 Model for Spiritual Assessment; 7 by 7Farran et al. 1989Pastoral careChaplain Dialogue USAHolistic and continuous spiritual assessment based on 7 dimensions, including spiritual.
Advanced Cancer Patients Distress Scale; ACPDSFishbeck et al.2012Palliative CarePatientQuestionnaire GER37-item, 5-point Likert scale. A screening evaluation tool assessing somatic, psychosocial, existential, and spiritual distress.
Arabic Religiosity Scale; ARSKhalaf et al.2014Psychiatry PatientQuestionnaire LEB10-item, 4-point Likert scale. Valid general measure of religious belief, practice, and importance in the daily life of adult psychiatric patients.
Ars Moriendi Model for Spiritual Assessment; AMMLeget2007Palliative CarePatientInterview NEDOpen structured diamond shaped model for spiritual assessment at the end of life. Providing flexibility and spontaneity in the communication about spirituality.
Assessment of Spirituality and Religiosity in Schizophrenia - ASRSMohr et al.2011PsychiatryPatientInterviewSUISemi-Structured clinical interview for the assessment of spiritual and religious coping of various religious and spiritual affiliation, to locate if spiritual interventions are needed.
Beliefs and Values Scale; BVSKing et al.2006PsychologyHCPQuestionnaire UK20-item. Assess strength of spiritual beliefs based on the narratives and responses of a range of people, among other patients facing a shortened life expectancy.
BENEFIT ScaleBüssing & Koenig2009Chronic illness, ResearchPatient, HCPQuestionnaire GER, USA6-item, 5-point Likert scale. Captures a unique aspect of spirituality/religiosity that can be used in epidemiological studies and clinical trials to assess both the external and internal dimensions of spirituality/religiosity. Can be incorporated into studies of mental health, physical health, or quality of life. Useful in studies of patients with chronic illness.
Bio-Psycho Social-Spiritual Model; BPSSMUniversity of Nevada2000Psychiatry,RHCPFramework USAEducational approach teaching how to assess spiritual needs and how to incorporate spiritual considerations and needs of patients into the formulation of treatment plans.
Body-Mind-Spirit Well-Being Inventory; BMSWBINg et al.2005General health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaireHKG56-item, 10-point Likert scale. 4 scales with one assessing spiritual health, well-being, or distress.
Brief Measure of Core Religious Beliefs; BMCRBRosmarin et al.2011Psychiatry PatientQuestionnaire USA6-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-report measure of positive and negative core beliefs about God. Suited for use with a broad range of religious patients.
Brief Pictorial Instruments for Assessing Spirituality; BPIASMcBride et al.1998General healthPatient Questionnaire USA3-item, 5-point Likert scale. The pictorial instruments provides a quick assessment of intrinsic spirituality.
Brief Religious Coping; Brief RCOPEPargament et al.2011Psychology, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire USA, BRA, CZE, DEN, FRA, GRE, IRN, MEX, NED, PKS, POL, SWE14-item measure of religious coping based on positive and negative coping subscales. Assesses religious methods of coping. Short version of RCOPE.
Brief Serenity Scale; BSSKreitzer et al.2009Nursing Patient, NurseQuestionnaire USA22-item, 5-point Likert scale. Measuring spiritual well-being. Serenity seen as a secular aspect of spirituality.
Cancer and Deity Questionnaire; CDQBowman et al.2009OncologyHCP, ChaplainQuestionnaire USA12-item, 4-point Likert scale. Self-report instrument. Assesses individual perceived relations with God and God-oriented coping after a cancer diagnosis. May serve as a brief screening tool for (mental) health professionals and chaplains. May assist in giving guidance to providing spiritual or religious counsel to cancer patients.
Cancer Behavior Inventory; CBI-V3.0Merluzzi et al.2018Oncology, Research PatientQuestionnaire USA27-item, 7-point Likert scale. A spiritual subscale was added to the original CBI. 4 questions on religion/spirituality.
Cancer Perceived Agents of Social Support Questionnaire; CPASSGoldzweig et al.2009Oncology PatientQuestionnaire ISR12-item, 5-point Likert scale. A self-rating instrument devised to enable cancer patients and their spouses to report on the level of perceived social support. Evaluates the support given by different agents of support: Spouse, Family; Friends; Spiritual or religious beliefs.
Cancer Worries Inventory; CWID’Errico et al. 2000Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA24-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-report instrument with 3 questions on religion/spirituality.
CASH Assessment Tool; CASHAlesi et al.2015Palliative carePatientDialogue USACASH C (care) A (assistance) S (Stress) H (hopes/fears). 4 question dialogue-oriented existential assessment tool to identify sources of existential distress.
City of Hope Quality of Life Patient Questionnaire (Modified); COH-QOLCity of Hope2001Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA44-item, 11-point Likert scale. Self-report. Comprehensive, multidimensional measuring quality of life in patients (intestinal ostomies). Subcategory: Spiritual area 7 questions.
Client Spiritual Assessment Tool; CSATHoffert et al.2007General health, NursingNurse Framework USA8 questions related to relationship with a higher power, religious support, and prayer. A valuable instrument for nurses to address spirituality in clinical settings.
Cognitive–existential intervention to improve existential quality of life in cancer patientsGagnon et al.2015Oncology Patient Framework CAN12 weekly sessions, 12 modules, individual and group. The existential seen as an integral part of human experience, includes religious and spiritual aspects.
ConectoFletcher 2016Palliative careHCPFramework AUSSpiritual screening in community-based palliative care by the multidisciplinary team. Provides a lexicon of spirituality assisting identification of spiritual strengths and vulnerabilities, and places where referral to specialized spiritual support would be beneficial.
CSI-MEMO Spiritual History; CSI-MEMOKoenig2002General Health, ResearchPatient Interview USA4-item focused on asking patients whether religious and spiritual beliefs provide comfort or stress; if spiritual beliefs might influence medical decisions; are members of, supported by a religious or spiritual community; have other spiritual needs they would like someone to address.
Cultural Formulation Interview; CFIAggarwal et al.2013Psychiatry Patient Interview USA, CAN, DEN, IND, KEN, NED, NOR, PER, SWE16-item, 4 areas. Cross-cultural communication includes focus on religion/spirituality.
Daily Spiritual Experience Scale; DSESUnderwood & Teresi2002General healthHCPQuestionnaire USA, BRA, DEN, POR16-item, 6 and 4-point Likert scale. Addresses reported ordinary experiences of spirituality. Attempting to measure experiences rather than particular beliefs or behaviors; therefore, they are intended to transcend the boundaries of any particular religion.
Denver Spirited heart; DSHHooker et al.2017Heart failurePatientFramework USAA 12-week, mail-based, patient-centered, and self-guided psychospiritual intervention to improve QOL. Created to be low-cost and to require minimal staff time and feasible for broader dissemination. Spiritually based intervention.
Duke University Religion Index; DURELKoenig & Büssing2010General health HCPQuestionnaire USA, BRA, GER, CHN, DEN, ESP, IRN, JPN, KOR, NED, NOR, POR, ROU, SAU, THA 5-item, varied Likert scale. Measure of religious involvement developed for use in large cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies.
Elder Spiritual Health Scale; ESHSAjamzibad et al.2018Geriatric Patient Questionnaire IRN38-item. User-friendly valid instrument used to assess the spiritual health of older adults.
End of Life Spiritual Comfort Questionnaire; EOLSCQPinto et al.2016Palliative care, Research PatientQuestionnaire POR28-item, 6-point Likert scale. Measuring overall sense of wellbeing and meaning in life, spiritual comfort. Reliable, valid, and sensitive to spiritual comfort in the final stages of life.
End Stage Renal Disease Spiritual Beliefs Scale; ESRD Spiritual Beliefs ScaleRobert Wood Johnson Foundation2003End stage renal diseasePatient Questionnaire USA, CAN9-item, 10-point Likert scale. Measures the perceived role of spirituality for ESRD patients and the extent of their support network.
EORTC; QLQ-SWB-32Vivat et al.2017OncologyPatient Questionnaire EU, BRA, CHN, CRO, ESP, NED, ENG, FRE, GER, GRE, ICE, ITL, JAP, MEX, NOR, PER, POR, RUS32-item, 4-point Likert scale. A valid cross-cultural stand-alone measure of spiritual wellbeing for palliative care patients. Vers. 6.3.
ETHNICS MnemonicKobylarz et al.2002GeriatricPatientQuestionnaireUSA7-item. Framework for culturally appropriate care, questions for opening a dialogue. 1-item on spirituality.
Existential communication in general practice; EMAP ToolAssing Hvidt et al.2017General practiceHCP, RelativesInterview DENSemi-structured. Support GPs communicating with cancer patients about existential or spiritual problems and resources. 7 of 20 items on spirituality.
Existential Distress Scale; EDSLo et al.2017Oncology PatientQuestionnaire CAN 10-item, 4-point Likert scale. Measures existential distress in patients with advanced cancer. Useful for HCP to initiate a structured discussion about this symptom.
FACT - Taking Spiritual HistoryLaRocca-Pitts2012General health Chaplain Dialogue USASpiritual assessment tool designed for chaplaincy use in acute care settings. 3 parts spiritual history and one-part spiritual assessment. Dialogue based; brief initial instrument interlinked with treatment plan.
FAITHKing2002General health Chaplain, Patient Dialogue USA5 question opening for dialogue about religious beliefs and spiritual concerns and their connections to health and treatment.
Faith, Importance, Community, Address in care; FICA Spiritual History ToolPuchalski & Romer1996General health Patient Interview USA, CAN4 domains for clinical assessment of religion, spirituality. Guiding conversation in the clinical setting about religion/spirituality and connection to health and illness.
Five Instruments to measure religious coping and the cancer experienceHolt et al. 2009Oncology, Research HCPQuestionnaire USA4 domains for clinical assessment of religion, spirituality. Guiding conversation in the clinical setting about religion/spirituality and connection to health and illness.
Framework for Assessing SpiritualityHodge2001General healthHCP, Patient Questionnaire USA4 domains for clinical assessment of religion, spirituality. Guiding conversation in the clinical setting about religion/spirituality and connection to health and illness.
Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being; FACIT-Sp-12Peterman et al.2002Chronic illness HCP, Patient Questionnaire USA, AUS, BRA, CAN, IND, JOR, KOR, POR12-item, 5-point Likert scale. Brief measure of spiritual well-being not limited to any one religious or spiritual tradition. Also, FACIT-Sp-Ex. 23-item. Subscale of FACIT.
Geriatric Hopelessness Scale; GHSFry1984Geriatric , ResearchPatientQuestionnaire USA30-item true/false. 5 questions in relation to religiosity.
Geriatric Spiritual Well-Being Scale; GSWSDunn2008Geriatric Patient , NurseQuestionnaire USA16-item, 6-point Likert scale. 4 subscales. Age-specific assessment to address a population’s cultural diversity. Includes subscale: Religious GSWB: Faith ways subscale.
God Locus of Health Control Scale; GLHCWallston et al.1999Chronic illnessPatient , HCPQuestionnaire USA6-item. Designed to assess the extent of the belief that God exerts control over the current state of one's disease. A subscale to MHLC form C.
Good Death Inventory; GDIMiyashita et al.2008Palliative care, Research Bereaved Questionnaire JPN10-domain, 10-point Likert scale, 8 optional domains. A measure for evaluating end of life care from the bereaved family member’s perspective. Religious optional domain.
Grupo de Espiritualidad de la SECPAL; GES QuestionnaireBenito et al.2014Palliative carePatient Questionnaire ESP6 open questions followed by 8-item, 5-point Likert scale, assessing spirituality as a general factor and 3 spiritual dimensions.
Guidelines for Spiritual Assessment; GSAStoll1979Nursing Nurse Interview USA4 areas of concern: Concept of God or deity; Sources of hope and strength; Religious practices; Relation between spiritual beliefs and state of health. The areas can be incorporated into general nursing history. Spiritual history guide.
Guidelines for Spiritual Care in Palliative CareGroves et al.2014Palliative careHCPFrameworkUKListing general principles for spiritual care and provides guidelines for the assessment and performance of spiritual care. Includes religious/spiritual aspects without defining either.
Guidelines for the Assessment of Spiritual Needs; GASNGovier2000General health NurseFrameworkUKPart of a systematic approach to nursing care. 4 areas of reflection in assessing, planning, providing, and evaluating spiritual care.
Health of Body, Mind, and Spirit Scale; HBMSSSun et al.2017Drug abusePatient, HCPQuestionnaire TWN15-item, 5-point Likert scale. 3 subscales: Body; Mind; Spirit. Evaluates the health condition of individuals with a drug abuse history. 4 questions in the spiritual subscale.
Herth Hope Scale/Index; HHIHerth 1988General healthPatientQuestionnaire USA, ITL, NOR12-item, 4-point Likert scale. Primarily existential questions, 1 question on faith.
Higher Power Relationship Scale; HPRSRowan et al.2006Drug abusePatientQuestionnaire USA17-item, 5-point Likert scale. Measures the degree or magnitude of the relationships that individuals have with their higher power.
Holistic Health Status Questionnaire; HHSQChan et al.2016Chronic illness Patient Questionnaire HKG45-item, 4-point Likert scale. 8 factor holistic health status measurement. 6 questions on religion/spirituality.
HOPE Questions; HOPEAnandarajah & Hight2001General health HCPInterview USAA formal tool assisting in incorporating a spiritual assessment into the medical interview. An open-ended exploration of general spiritual resources and concerns.
Hope Scale for Korean Cancer Patients; HS_KCPTae et al.2017Oncology Patient Questionnaire KOR18-item, 5-point Likert scale. 5 factors: Inner sense of control; Trust and expectation for recovery; Interconnection; Spirituality; Emotional despair. Spirituality placed and assessed as 1 of 5 factors.
Impact of Illness upon Faith; II-FaithSalsman et al.2012Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA10-item, 5-point Likert scale. Brief self-report measure of the impact of illness on issues of faith in terms of positive and negative illness impact. 1 of 4 domains on religion/spirituality.
Implicit spiritual assessment; ISAHodge2013General health HCPDialogueUSAQuestions headlined under past, present, and future spirituality. Attentive to secular meaning, purpose, and identity constructed outside the confines of traditional spiritual and religious settings. A key component in ISA is listening for language that hints at the presence of the spiritual.
Index of Core Spiritual Experience; INSPIRITKass & Kass1989General healthPatient Questionnaire USA, BRA, POR7-item, 4-point Likert scale. Self-report instrument. Item 7 consist of 13 sub-questions. Both spiritual and Christian in the approach.
Individual meaning centered psychotherapy; IMCPBreitbart et al.2018OncologyPatient Questionnaire USAA treatment for psychological and existential/spiritual distress with focus on identifying sources of meaning. Intervention improving quality of life and spiritual well-being.
Integrated Narrative Nursing; INNArtioli et al.2017General health, NursingNurseInterviewITLCombined approach of questionnaire, interview and narrative self-report to assess patient’s needs including spiritual needs and distress.
Intensivist in a spiritual care training program adapted for cliniciansTodres et al.2005Critical illnessHCPFramework USAA training program in clinical pastoral education adapted for clinicians, providing the HCP with knowledge, language, and understanding to explore and support religious/spiritual issues with critically ill patients and their families. Based in Christian pastoral care.
Interdisciplinary Spiritual Care Implementation A Collaborative ModelPuchalski et al.2006General health HCP, Nurse, ChaplainDialogue, QuestionnaireUSARelational and interdisciplinary model. Physician, nurse, chaplain. Communicative screening for spiritual distress.
Intrinsic Religiousness Inventory; IRITaunay et al.2011Mental health, ResearchPatient QuestionnaireBRA10-item, 5-point Likert scale. A valid self-report instrument that may contribute to study intrinsic religiosity in Brazilian samples. Primary Christian.
Intrinsic Spirituality Scale; ISSHodge2003Clinical practicePatient, HCPQuestionnaire USA6-item, 10-point Likert scale. Valid general measure of spirituality in clinical settings. Screening to identify patients likely to benefit from spiritually accommodative treatments. May provide an efficient screening tool to identify Muslims that are particularly likely to benefit from spiritually accommodative treatments.
Inventory of complicated spiritual grief; ICSGBurke et al.2013End-of-life, ResearchBereaved Questionnaire USA18-item, 4-point Likert scale. Self-report. 2-factor model measuring ‘Insecurity with God’ and assessing ‘Disruption in Religious Practice’. Christian.
Ironson-Woods Spirituality/ Religiousness Index; IWSRIIronson et al.2002HIVPatient Questionnaire USA22-item, 5-point Likert scale measure of religious/spirituality. Short form of the original 89-item scale.
Islamic Spiritual Health Scale; ISHSKhorashadizadeh et al.2017General health, ResearchPatient, NurseQuestionnaire IRN32-item, 5-point Likert scale. Developed to psychometrically assess spiritual health scale in Iran. Measuring spiritual well-being for Muslim patients.
James Supportive Care Screening; (James) SCSGregorio et al.2013Oncology, Research Patient Questionnaire USA6 factors, 45-item, (yes/no). Factor 4: Spiritual concerns, 3 questions.
JAREL Spiritual Well-Being Scale; JAREL SWBSHungelman et al.1996Geriatric, NursingNurse Questionnaire USA, TUR21-item, 6-point Likert scale. Assessment instrument for nursing diagnosis of spirituality in relation to enhanced spiritual well-being or spiritual distress. Mixing religious (Christian) and spiritual questions.
JCAHO Spiritual Assessment Requirements JCAHO 20012001General health HCPQuestionnaireUSA15-item list of open questions to help operationalize the spiritual assessment.
Jewish Religious Coping Scale; JCOPERosmarin et al.2009Mental healthHCPQuestionnaire USA16-item, 12-item positive scale and 4-item negative scale. Based on RCOPE.
Lothian Chaplaincy Patient Reported Outcome Measure; LCPROMNHS Lothian2012Pastoral carePatientQuestionnaireSCO21-item, 5-point Likert scale. PROM Patient evaluation of received spiritual care.
Mature Religiosity Scale; MRSDe Vries-Schot et al.2011Mental health, Pastoral careChaplain Questionnaire NED16-item. Developed in Christian setting. Can be used for the assessment of the non-pathological DSM-IV category ‘religious or spiritual problem’ in Christian patients. In pastoral care, it can be used for identifying strengths and problems in a person’s religiosity and for evaluating religious growth making it possible to give more attention to the spiritual dimension of the biopsychosociospiritual model.
Meaning in Life Scale; MILSJim et al. 2006Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA21-item, 6-point Likert scale, self-report. Measure of meaning in life including spiritual concerns and resources.
Mental, Physical, and Spiritual Well-Being Scale; MPSVella-Brodrick & Allen1995General health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire AUS30-item in 3 10-item subscales. Holistic health instrument measuring mental, physical, and spiritual components of health. Spirituality subscale 10-item.
Milford Palliative Care Assessment Tool; MPCATO’Reilly et al.2016Palliative careHCPFramework IREIncludes a number of evidence-based tools and measures for spiritual distress through FICA.
Moral Authority, Vocational, Aesthetic, Social, and Transcendent Model; Mor-VASTSkalla & McCoy2006Oncology, Research NurseDialogueUSATheoretical model for the assessment of spiritual care. Prepares and assists clinicians in talking about spirituality with their patients.
Multicultural Quality of Life Index; MQLIMezzich et al.2011General health, Research HCPQuestionnaireUSA, CHN, ESP, KOR10-item/domain, 10-point Likert scale. 1 on spiritual. A brief and culturally informed self-report instrument. Easy to complete, reliable, internally consistent and valid.
Multidimensional Hope Scale; MHSRaleigh & Boehm1994Chronic illness Patient Questionnaire USAIdentifies 6 factors: Resource to Others, Civic Interest, Spirituality, Health, Social Support, and Self-Actualization. Measuring hopefulness in chronic patients.
Multidimensional Inventory of Religious/Spiritual Well-Being; MI-RSWBUnterrainer et al.2010Mental health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire AUT, GER, UK48-item, 6-point Likert scale. 6 subscales in MI-RSWB-E (English version).
Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/ SpiritualityFetzer Institute1999General healthPatient, HCPQuestionnaireUSA, ETH, ITL, POR, IND38/29-item, varied Likert scale, measuring 12 domains. A valid self-report of emotional connectedness with and social support among different spiritual and religious variables.
Multidimensional Rumination in Illness Scale; MRISSoo et al.2014General health Patient Questionnaire USA32-item, 5-point Likert scale. 4-factor: Intrusion; Brooding; Instrumental; Preventability. Utility as a clinical instrument providing a comprehensive assessment of the cognitive style of rumination in the context of physical illness.
Multifaith Spiritually Based Intervention; SBIKoszycki et al.2010Psychiatry HCP Interview CANA spiritually based intervention for generalized anxiety disorder. 12 - 50 minutes individual sessions administered by a spiritual care counsellor.
Muslim Daily Religiosity Assessment Scale; MUDRASOlufadi2016Psychology, Research HCPQuestionnaire NIG22-item, 5-point Likert scale. Instrument for self-assessment of Muslim daily religiosity, through which counselors, psychologists and clinical trained clergyman may identify and understand the religious problems of their clients and relationship to any psychological, wellbeing, or clinical outcome of interest.
Muslim Religiosity Scale; MRSKoenig et al.2014General health, OncologyPatient Questionnaire USA, IRN13-item, 5-point Likert scale. A reliable and valid measure for assessing religiosity in Iranian Muslims with cancer. Assessing two dimensions of religiosity with two subscales: religious practices (10 items) and intrinsic religious beliefs (3 items).
My Life: My Voice Gordon et al.2013Mental health, ResearchPatient Questionnaire NZL65-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-assessed consumer recovery outcome measure. 11 distinct factors. 1 factor on spirituality.
Needs at the End of Life Screening Tool; NESTEmanuel et al. 2001Palliative care Patient Questionnaire USA13-item, 10-point Likert scale. The questions opens up for a fuller assessment and evaluation of the patients’ needs herein spiritual, religious, and existential.
NIA/Fetzer Short Form for the Measurement of Religiousness and SpiritualityIdler et al.2001Geriatric, Research HCPQuestionnaire USAMultidimensional and brief, to be included in clinical or epidemiological survey interviews, inclusive of both traditional religiousness and non-institutionally based spirituality, appropriate for diverse Judeo-Christian populations, and potentially useful in many types of health research.
Nowotny Hope Scale; NHSNowotny1989Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA, NOR29-item, 4-point Likert scale. Measures hope after a stressful event such as cancer. 6 subscales. 1 on spiritual beliefs. 3 questions on religion.
Open Invite Model of Exploring Spiritual Needs; Open InviteSaguil and Phelps2012General healthPatient, HCPDialogue USAFocused on encouraging a spiritual dialogue on religion/spirituality, to invite the patient to talk about their spiritual needs in general and in relation to their illness.
Palliative Care Coherence Spiritual Assessment; PCCSAGalchutt2013Palliative careHCP, ChaplainDialogue USAInterdisciplinary approach for spiritual assessment in palliative care.
Palliative Care Needs Assessment Tool; PC-NATWaller et al.2008Palliative careHCPFramework AUSIncludes 5 sections, one of which includes spiritual, existential, cultural aspects. Can be used to identify individuals’ needs, thereby enabling early intervention.
Palliative Care Outcome Scale; PCOSHearn & Higginson1999Palliative care, Research Patient Interview UK, ARG, AUS, BWA, GER, KEN, MWI, RSA, TZA, ZMB, ZWEPOS measures are a family of instruments to measure patients symptoms including spiritual needs and concerns.
Palliative Care Problem Severity Score; PCPSSSmith & Firns 1994 (in Masso et al. 2016)1994Palliative carePatient, HCP Questionnaire AUS4 domains each rated on a 4-point categorical scale. 4 domains. Psychological/spiritual. Initial screening and ongoing coordination of specialist palliative care.
Paranormal Health Belief Scale; PHBSPetrillo & Donizzetti 2012General health HCPQuestionnaire ITL31-item, 5-point Likert scale. Focus on understanding and measuring illusory beliefs about health in the diagnostic and therapeutic process, and the eventual impact on the outcome.
Patient Dignity Inventory; PDIChochinov2008OncologyPatient Questionnaire CAN25-item, 5-point Likert scale, self-report measure. Existentially oriented, 1 question on spirituality.
Patients Need in Palliative Care; PNAPBuzgova et al.2015Palliative care Patient Questionnaire CZE40-item, 5-point Likert scale, 7-domain. Religious needs 10-item. Satisfactory validity and reliability and can be employed to assess the needs of palliative care patients in Central European countries.
Patients Spiritual Needs Assessment Scale; PSNASGalek et al.2005General health, ResearchHCP, PatientQuestionnaire USA, TUR29-item yes/no, modified versions, 28-item, 24-item, 4-point Likert scale. Multidimensional instrument designed to assess a patient’s spiritual needs, and to be inclusive of traditional religion, as well as non-institutional based.
Perceived Support from God Scale; PSGSHamilton et al.2010Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA15-item, 5-point Likert scale, 2 subscales: Self-report support from God and God’s Purpose for Me. Developed to capture spirituality among Christian African Americans.
Positive Mental Health Instrument; PMHVaingankar et al.2011Mental health, Research HCPQuestionnaire SPG47-item, 6-point Likert scale. A self-administered measure that covers all key and culturally appropriate domains of mental health, which can be applied to compare levels of mental health across different age, gender and ethnic groups. Spirituality one of six subscales with 7 questions.
Post Truamatic Growth Inventory; PTGITedeschi & Calhoun1996Psychology Patient Questionnaire USA, CHN21-item scale with 5 factors defining major domains of posttraumatic growth including existential and spiritual aspects. Spiritual development. Also, PTGI-Short form, 10-item.
Preferences for Care near the End of Life; PCEOLGauthier & Froman2001End-of-life, ResearchPatient Questionnaire USA19-item, 5-point Likert scale, 5 domains including spirituality in subdomain 4, questions on spirituality.
Principle Components Model; PCMMcSherry2006Research, NursingHCP, NurseFramework USAA model for advancing spiritual care in nursing and health care practice. Aims to generate a deeper understanding of factors that may inhibit or advance spiritual care within both nursing and health care and assist HCP to engage with and overcome some of the structural, organizational, political and social variables that are impacting upon spiritual care.
Process Evaluation Model; PEMButter & Pargament2010Mental health, ResearchHCP, ChaplainFramework USASuggests that the efficacy of coping depends on the degree to which the coping process is well integrated. A useful clinical device, permitting an exchange between lay mental health practitioners and clergy regarding the psychological adjustment of religious copers.
Psychological Adaptation Scale; PASBiesecker et al.2013Chronic illnessPatient Questionnaire USA20-item, 5-point Likert scale. Assessing adaptation to a chronic condition. 4 domains of adaptation; Spiritual/existential meaning. Clinical interventions can be designed based on PAS data to enhance psychological adaptation to a chronic health condition or risk. Spiritual domain has 4 questions.
Psychosocial and Spiritual Needs Evaluation Scale; ENP-EMateo-Ortega et al.2019End-of-lifePatient Questionnaire ESP12-item, 10-point Likert scale. Designed to assess the psychosocial and spiritual needs of end-of-life patients and enable psychosocial and/or spiritual/religious interventions.
QE Health Scale; QEHSFaull & Hill2007Chronic physical disabilitiesPatient Questionnaire NZL28-item, 5-point Likert scale. 3 questions on Spirituality. Sufficient reliability and validity as a spiritually based holistic measure of health.
Questionnaire regarding the religiosity of patients with neoplastic disease; QRFPC-25Kouloulias et al.2017Oncology Patient Questionnaire GRE25-item, 3-point Likert scale. Composed of 7 multi-item scales and 3 single-item scales. Reliable and valid gauge for the assessment of religiosity in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Christian based.
Receptive Coping Scale; RCSVan Uden et al. 2004Psychology, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire NED, BEL8-item, 5-point Likert scale. Focused on ways of coping which, while not specifically referring to God, can still be called religious.
Reliance on God’s Help Scale; RGHBüssing et al. 2005General health Patient Questionnaire GER5-item, 5-point Likert scale. A valid and reliable instrument to measure religious trust among persons with a theistic religious background. Differentiates between external and internal adaptive coping strategies.
Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale; RSSExline et al.2014General health Patient Questionnaire USA26-item measure across 6 domains: Assessing 6 domains of religious/spiritual struggle. Can be employed in health care settings.
Religious Attendance & Surrender Scale-3; RSAS-3Clements et al.2013General health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire USA3-item combining 2-item measure of Surrender, a specific type of religious coping, with a 1-item measure of attendance at religious services. Can be used in health investigations in order to explore their predictive utility for various health-related outcomes.
Religious Beliefs in EOL Medical Care; RBECBalboni et al.2019End-of-lifePatient Questionnaire USA7-item, 5-point Likert scale. A reliable and valid tool designed to assess religious beliefs within the context of end-of-life medical care.
Religious Coping Activities scale; RCOPEPargament et al.2000Psychology, ResearchPatient, HCPQuestionnaire USA, BRA, CZE, FRA, GRE, POLMeasures religious coping and helps HCP to integrate religious and spiritual dimensions into treatment. Also, 29-item Religious Coping Activities Scale, Styles of Religious Coping Scale–Revised (SRCS-R) and Brief RCOPE. Positive and Negative religious coping scales that can also be used separately.
Religious Spiritual Screening Protocol; RSSPFitchett & Risk2009General health, Pastoral careHCP, ChaplainQuestionnaire USABrief screening protocol to identify patients who may be experiencing religious/spiritual struggle, and patients who would like a visit from a chaplain.
Religious Status Interview; RSIMontes et al.1997Drug abuseHCP, ChaplainInterview USA33-item open-ended interview. Measuring how a Christian is functioning along 8 dimensions, assisting HCP and chaplain to assess the health of a parishioner's religious beliefs in relation to the patient problem. Christian based.
Royal Free Interview for Religious and Spiritual Beliefs; RFIRSBKing et al.1995Acute illness, ResearchPatient Interview UK, ITLSemi-structured interview focusing on the patients’ religious practice, spiritual beliefs, or philosophical understanding. Includes questions on a 10-point Likert scale on personal beliefs, 4 questions on the relationship between belief and illness and connection between personal illness and personal belief. Spiritual scale and philosophical scale.
Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire; SCSRFQPlante et al.1997General healthPatient Questionnaire USA, POR, BRA10-item, 4-point Likert scale, self-report. Reliable and valid measure assessing strength of religious faith. Applicable for various religious traditions and for patients without any interest in religion. Developed to provide both researchers and clinicians with a brief instrument for use in diverse settings with diverse populations.
Scale for Existential Thinking; SETAllan & Shearer2012General healthPatientQuestionnaire USA11-item, 6-point Likert scale. Applicable in health settings. Establishing spiritual, religious, existential thinking as part of meaning-making processes.
Scale for the Assessment of Spirituality in Health settingsPinto & Pais-Ribeiro2007Oncology Patient Questionnaire POR5-item. 2 dimensions. Satisfactory validity and fidelity. Small scale and easy to fill in. Quality of life optimization for people with health problems. Approaching the spiritual dimension of human existence through belief and hope.
Schedule for Meaning in Life Evaluation; SMiLEFegg2008Palliative care, Research Patient QuestionnaireGER7-Item, 7-point Likert scale, 8-point adjective scale. Self-report but also as an assisted interview approach. Religion, spirituality is secondary but can rise inductively during the process. Validated respondent-generated instrument for the assessment of individual meaning-in-life. 15 categories, category 8 on religion/spirituality.
Semi-structured Clinical Interview; SPIRFrick et al. 2005Oncology Patient Interview GER4 questions interview-guide for a semi-structured format consisting of four open-ended questions, each of which may be expanded by a number of sub-questions. Easily administered in clinical care. Useful and well accepted, allowing HCP to gather data about patients’ spirituality and to know their preferences and needs in this domain.
Service-user Recovery Evaluation scale; SeRvEBarber et al.2012Mental health, ResearchPatientQuestionnaireUK40-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-report. An inclusive validated tool for service users’ assessment of their own recovery. Can be used both as a research tool and clinically to monitor interventions. The importance of spiritual care for service users is highlighted. 9 questions on religion/spirituality.
Short-Term Life Review ; STLRAndo et al.2010Oncology, Palliative carePatientInterview JPNAimed to improve the spiritual well-being of terminally ill cancer patients, alleviate psychosocial distress, and promote a good death.
Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire; SoMeSchnell2016General healthPatientQuestionnaireSUI151-item, 6-point Likert scale. English version. Self-report instrument with some questions on religion/spirituality.
Spirit 8Selman et al.2012Palliative care, Research HCPQuestionnaire RSA, UGA8-item, 5-point Likert scale. A brief, psychometrically robust, unidimensional measure of spiritual well-being for use in South African and Ugandan palliative care research.
Spiritual and Religious Care Competencies for Specialist Palliative CareMarie Curie Cancer Care2004Palliative care, OncologyHCPFramework SCOA model aimed at placing spiritual assessment and spiritual care in a practical context based on the competence of the involved HCPs to deliver spiritual and religious care.
Spiritual Assessment and Intervention Model; Spiritual AIMShields et al.2014Psychology, Pastoral careHCP, ChaplainFramework USAA framework for chaplains to diagnose/assess unmet spiritual needs, devise and implement a plan for addressing this through embodiment/relationship, articulate and evaluate the desired outcome of the intervention. Developed from a Lutheran perspective but is now more inclusive of other faiths and implemented in other clinical settings.
Spiritual Assessment Guide; SAGO’Brien1982Chronic illness, ResearchPatient, NurseQuestionnaireUSA53-item, 6 subscales: closed/open ended questionnaire. General spiritual beliefs; Personal spiritual beliefs; Identification with institutionalized religion; Spiritual/religious support systems, Spiritual/religious rituals; Spiritual deficit/distress. Revised as (see) Spiritual Assessment Scale SAS.
Spiritual Assessment Inventory; SAIHall & Edwards2002Mental health, ResearchHCP Framework USAConsists of two primary dimensions: 1; Quality of Relationship with God and 2; Awareness of God. 5 subscales: Aimed at broadening the conceptualization of spiritual development and to assess different developmental levels of relationship with God from an object relations perspective.
Spiritual Assessment Scale; SASO’Brien1993Chronic illness, ResearchNurseQuestionnaire USA21-item, 5-point Likert scale. 3 subscales: Personal faith; Religious practice; Spiritual contentment. Provides a broad overview over patients’ religious beliefs and needs., The type of spiritual care is provided based on the view of the 3 subscales. Revised from the (see) Spiritual Assessment Guide SAG.
Spiritual Assessment System; SASBryson2015Nursing , Palliative careNurse FrameworkCANFramework for an ongoing spiritual assessment, identifying places where meaning is lost in the life of a patient.
Spiritual Assessment Tool; SATMuncy1996Palliative care, ChaplainChaplain Interview USA3 sections designed to be used in an interview fashion, with focus on patient’s understandings of themselves and others, their religious or spiritual histories, and the care plan.
Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List; SAILMeezenbroek et al.2007Oncology, Research HCPQuestionnaireNED30-item, 6-point Likert scale, 7 subscales: Scale 7 Transcendent experiences (5 items); Scale 8 Spiritual Activities (4 items). Inclusive of both religion, spiritual, and secular oriented people. Allows investigation into spiritual aspects that are especially important for patients to deal with the negative consequences of their disease.
Spiritual Beliefs Questionnaire; SBQChristo & Franey1995Drug abusePatient, HCPQuestionnaireUSA7-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-report questionnaire. Christian based but unbiased in terms religious references in the questionnaire.
Spiritual Care for Jewish patientsBorneman et al.2013Critical illness, Pastoral careHCP, ChaplainDialogue USAA cross-disciplinary approach mediating between patient, clinician, and chaplain, based on patients comment that may signify spiritual/religious distress. Inclusive of both secular and religious Jewish patients.
Spiritual Care Needs Inventory; SCNIWu et al.2016Acute care PatientQuestionnaire TWN21-item, 5-point Likert scale. Assessing spiritual care needs inpatients in a multi-faith society acute hospital setting. Excellent internal consistency for measuring the spiritual care needs in acute care hospital patients.
Spiritual Care Needs Scale; SCNSOtuzoglu & Talas2019Oncology Patient, HCPQuestionnaire TUR24-item, 5-point Likert scale. 4 sub-dimensions, 1 on religion/spirituality: Faith and spiritual practices. Can be used by HCP to determine the spiritual care needs and in research to determine the need for the spiritual care of patients with cancer and chronic illness. A valid and reliable measurement tool.
Spiritual Coping Questionnaire; SCQCharzýnska2015Drug abuse, Research HCP Questionnaire POL, NED32-item, 5-point Likert scale. 2 scales: Positive and negative spiritual coping. Can be used to measure spiritual coping, both among religious and non-religious people.
Spiritual Coping Scale; SCSCorry et al.2013Mental health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire UK30-item, 7-point Likert scale. Holistic assessment of coping incorporating both religious and non-religious coping strategies as inter-supportive.
Spiritual Coping Strategies Scale; SCS ScaleBaldacchino & Buhagiar2003General health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire MLT, IRN, UK20-item, 4-point Likert scale. Incorporates both religious and non-religious coping strategies, enabling holistic assessment of coping. A reliable tool which can be used in future studies on spiritual coping strategies in (Maltese) patients.
Spiritual Distress Assessment Tool; SDATMonod et al.2010Geriatric, Research HCPQuestionnaire USA5-item. A valid and reliable instrument to assess spiritual distress in elderly hospitalized patients.
Spiritual Distress Scale; SDSKu et al.2005Oncology, NursingNurse Questionnaire TWN, BRA30-item, 4-point Likert scale. 4 domains and 4 subscales. Developed in oncology for nurses to assess spiritual distress of cancer patients.
Spiritual Fitness Assessment; SFAFletcher2009General health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaireUSA40-item, 7-point Likert scale. Assessing 18 spiritual beliefs, attitudes, and practices. Self-report instrument designed to gather information about spirituality to be used as part of a holistic evaluation of personal wellness for the purposes of fitness and health programming.
Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure; SHALOMFisher2010General health, ResearchPatientQuestionnaire AUS, IRN20-item, 5-point Likert scale, 4 domains of spiritual well-being. Assessing spiritual well-being by comparing a person’s ideals with their lived experiences, providing a measure of spiritual harmony or dissonance in each of the four domains.
Spiritual Health Assessment Scale; SHASGaur & Sharma2014General healthPatientQuestionnaire IND, BRA, ISR, LTU21-item, 5-point Likert scale, 3 domains. Can be used to measure spiritual health with good applicability, reliability and validity. Not based on religion.
Spiritual Health Assessment Tool; SHAGroves & Groves1996Chronic illness, Terminal IllnessPatientQuestionnaireUSA, AUS, CHN, ESP, FRE, GER, ITL, POL, JPN, IND, PHLDeveloped to help care givers and care receivers better understand and respond to the impact of existential suffering on physical health and emotional well-being, to assess emotional and psycho-spiritual needs. Measures 4 dimensions of existential suffering.
Spiritual Health Inventory; SHIHighfield1992General health, NursingPatient, NurseQuestionnaire IRE32-item inventory, 5-point Likert scale. Measures patients' self-reported spirituality. SHI-P (patients) SHI-N (nurses).
Spiritual History Assessment Questions; SHAQNelson-Becker et al.2007Geriatric HCPFramework USAFramework and guide for assessing spirituality. Identifies 11 domains in spirituality that might be assessed.
SPIRITual History; SPIRITMaugans et al.1996General health, Palliative careHCPInterview USA, CHNA guide to identifying important components of the spiritual history for integrating in spiritual care, implications for medical care and terminal events planning.
Spiritual Injury Scale; SISBerg1994General health HCPQuestionnaire USA8-item subscale of Berg’s Computer Assessment Program (CAP). The SIS subscale can be used independently of CAP.
Spiritual Interests Related to Illness Tool; SpIRITTaylor2006Oncology, Palliative carePatient QuestionnaireUSA, CHN42 items, 5-point Likert scale. Self-report, spiritual needs measurement. Assessing whether religious/spiritual needs are being met in care.
Spiritual Inventory; SIKuhn1988Psychiatry, Palliative careHCPInterview USAInterview and list of exercises to assess manifestations of the spirit.
Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale; SIBSHatch et al.1998General health, Research Patient Questionnaire USA, GRE26-item, modified Likert scale. Assessing spiritual status in clinical settings, for integrating spiritual assessment with medicine, applicable across religious traditions.
Spiritual Needs Assessment for Patients; SNAPSharma et al.2011Oncology PatientQuestionnaire USA, BRA, CHN23-item, 4-point Likert scale, 3 domains. Assessing spiritual needs of patients. A valid and reliable instrument for assessing spiritual needs in a culturally diverse population.
Spiritual Needs Inventory; SNIHerman2006End-of-life, ResearchPatientQuestionnaireUSA17-item, 5-point Likert scale. Assesses patients spiritual needs and whether those needs are met in care. Useful in the clinical setting as well as in future studies of spiritual needs of patients. A reliable measurement of spiritual needs of patients near the end of life.
Spiritual Needs Questionnaire for Palliative CareVilalta et al.2014Oncology, Palliative carePatient Questionnaire ESP28-item, 5-point Likert scale. Assessing spiritual needs of terminal cancer patients.
Spiritual Needs Questionnaire; SpNQBüssing et al.2009Palliative care, Chronic illness, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire GER, BRA, CHN, CRO, DEN, ESP, FAR, FRA, GRE, IND, IRN, ITL, LTH, MYS, NGA, POL, PRT, PAK, UK19-item, varied Likert scale. 4-factor structure that measure psychosocial, existential and spiritual needs. Provides researchers with a reliable and valid instrument that can be used in comparative studies. Cultural and religious differences can be addressed using the different language versions.
Spiritual Needs Scale (Korea); SNS (K)Yong et al.2008Oncology, Research Patient, NurseQuestionnaire KOR, IRN38-item, 6-point Likert scale, 5 subscales. Spiritual needs measurement. Provides nurses and other HCPs with an appropriate way to identify patients' abstract spiritual needs in practice and research settings. Also 26 items, 5-point Likert scale SNS-Nurses.
Spiritual Pain Assessment Sheet; SPiPasTamura et al.2006Palliative care, NursingPatient, NurseInterview JPNInterviews conducted using the spiritual pain assessment sheet encouraging elucidation of spiritual pain while placing little burden on patients.
Spiritual Perspectives Scale; SPSReed1987Terminal illness, ReesearchPatient, HCPQuestionnaireUSA, IRN, SPG, SWE10-item, 6-point Likert scale. Measures perspectives on the extent to which spirituality permeates the patients’ life and whether they engage in spiritually related interactions. Acceptable reliability and validity of the SPS has been demonstrated in previous research on terminally ill adults.
Spiritual Profile Assessment; SPAMcSherry et al.1986General health, Pastoral careHCP, ChaplainQuestionnaire USAIncludes 3 questionnaires: The Professional Health Inventory; Religiosity Index; Ultimate Values Test. Assisting chaplains in planning and documenting spiritual care.
Spiritual Religious Coping Scale; SRCOPE ScalePanzini and Bandeira2005Psychology, ResearchHCP Questionnaire BRABrazilian version of RCOPE. A valid and reliable instrument assessing positive and negative aspects of religious/spiritual coping, resulting in a comprehensive, functional oriented, theoretical and empirically based, and clinically meaningful instrument, useful to different scientific research areas.
Spiritual Reminiscence; SRMacKinlay & Trevitt2010Geriatric, DementiaNurseDialogue UKGroup-based dialogue led by a facilitator. Aimed at developing relationships among group members in aged care. Spiritual Reminiscence is a process that engages with the person and acknowledges the integrity and worth of the individual as cognitive abilities decline.
Spiritual Self-Care Practice Scale; SSCPSWhite & Schim2010Chronic illness, Heart failurePatient QuestionnaireUSAMeasuring spiritual self-care practices among African Americans with heart failure. Measuring on 4 factors.
Spiritual Support Scale; SSSLevine et al.2015Oncology PatientQuestionnaire USA3-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-administered spiritual support subscale for the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale (MOS-SSS).
Spiritual Symptoms Scale; SSSReyes et al. 2017Palliative carePatient, HCPQuestionnaire CHIA scale that assesses the presence and intensity of seven spiritual symptoms. A reliable instrument to assess spiritual symptoms in palliative care settings.
Spiritual Transformation ScaleCole et al.2008Oncology Patient Questionnaire USA40-item, 7-point Likert scale, 4 domains. Measures spiritual growth and spiritual decline. A reliable and valid method for assessing spiritual growth or decline following a cancer diagnosis.
Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire; SWBQGomez & Fisher2002Nursing Patient, NurseQuestionnaire AUS5-item self-report. Comprised four spiritual well-being domains. A reliable and valid measure of spiritual well-being.
Spiritual Well-Being Scale; SWBEllison 1982General health, ResearchPatient, HCPQuestionnaire USA, BRA, CAN, IRN, ITL, JOR, KOR MYS, ESP, THA, TWN20-item, 6-point Likert scale, self-report inventory. 10 items assesses religious well-being, 10 items assesses existential well-being, 2 subscales measuring religious well-being and existential well-being. A general indicator of perceived well-being used for the assessment of individual and congregational spiritual well-being.
Spirituality Assessment Scale; SASHowden1993Palliative care, Nursing Patient, NurseQuestionnaire USA28-item, 5-point Likert scale. 4 subscales. Measure of spirituality.
Spirituality Index of Well-Being; SIWBDaaleman & Frey2004General health, ResearchHCPQuestionnaire USA, TWN12-item, 5-point Likert scale, 2 domains. A valid and reliable measure of well-being in primary care outpatients. Best situated in studies of chronic illness, aging, and end-of-life care that include health-related quality-of-life.
Spirituality Questionnaire; SQBhatnagar et al.2016Palliative care, Research Patient, HCPQuestionnaire IND36-item, 5-point Likert scale. 4 factors. Offers promising prospects for the study of spirituality among palliative care patients in India.
Spirituality Scale; SSDelaney2005Nursing, ResearchNurse Questionnaire USA23-item. Holistic instrument designed to assess spirituality in a format that can be used to guide spiritual interventions and promote the inclusion of spirituality in health care.
SpREUKBüssing et al.2005Chronic illness, ResearchPatient, HCPQuestionnaire GER, Arabic, ENG, ISR, MYS, POL, POR, ESP15-item, 5-point Likert scale. Self-report or interview. Developed to investigate whether or not patients with chronic diseases living in secular societies rely on spirituality as a resource to cope with illness.
Systems of Belief Inventory; SBI-15RHolland et al.1998Critical illness Patient Questionnaire USA, ISR, ITA, TUR15-item, 4-point Likert scale, self-report. Measures religious and spiritual aspects of coping with a life-threatening illness and the impact on quality of life and in relation to religious and spiritual beliefs and practices, and the social support derived from a community sharing those beliefs.
Thai Spiritual Well-being Assessment Tool for Elders with Chronic Illnesses; TSWBATECIUnsanit et al.2012Geriatric, Chronic illnessPatient, HCPQuestionnaire THA41-item, 5-point Likert scale. A valid and reliable instrument for assessing spiritual well-being of elderly Thais with chronic illnesses. Developed using chronically ill elders who were Buddhist, Islamic or Christian.
Three Models for IntegrationBalboni et al.2014Palliative care HCPFramework USAThree model holistic framework for assessing and addressing spiritual needs. Approaches the question of clinician involvement in the spiritual aspects of a patient’s care.
Three-Legged Stool; TLSHorton & Luna2015Drug abuseHCPFrameworkUSAA framework for spiritual intervention. Assists in structuring spiritual interventions. Consist of service (helping others), solitude (contemplative prayer and meditation) and creativity (creative arts and play therapy techniques).
Treatment Spirituality/Religiosity Scale; TSRSLillis et al.2008Drug abusePatient, HCPQuestionnaire USA, BRA10-item, true/false, self-report. Designed to measure the emphasis on religion/spirituality in treatment programs. Brief and easily administered.
Trent Hospice Audit Group; THAGHunt et al.2003Palliative careHCP, ChaplainFramework UKMultidisciplinary approach to spiritual care assessment, delivery, and evaluation at three levels: at admission to hospice, multidisciplinary assessment and specialist assessment (chaplain).
WHOQOL Spirituality, Religiousness, and Personal Beliefs; WHOQOL SRPBWHO Department of Mental Health & Substance Dependence2002Mental health, Drug abusePatient Questionnaire EU, SUI, ZWE, 32-item (subscale), 5-point Likert scale. The WHOQOL 100 questions of which the SRPB subscale consists of 32 questions.